The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is an inflammatory disease of the intra -karticular cartilage with progressive degenerative disorders of its structure and functions.This disease is very common in older women and at a young age.
Many believe that the development of osteoarthritis is associated with a salt surplus, but in fact, salt deposits have nothing to do with osteoarthritis of the knee joint.
Reasons
When osteoarthritis occurs for no reason, it is described as idiopathic or primarily.However, if the development of arthrosis has been influenced by pathological processes in the body or in the disease, this form is called secondary.The following factors can influence their development:
- Older age.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Traumatic damage to the knee.
- Excessive knee load.
- Press constant and repeat microtraumas - shots and so on.
- Inflammatory diseases of the joints and muscles - arthritis, synovitis, bursitis, myositis, tendonitis, lymphadenitis.
- Inflammatory processes in the body.
- Viral, fungal and infectious diseases.
- Metabolic disorders.
- Obesity.
- Calciagum deficiency in the body.
- Settlement.
- Congenital deformations of the knee joint.
Athletes and people, who are often exposed to very physical activity and are exposed to the knee joint, are subject to osteoarthritis.These are teachers, moving companies, builders, teachers and so on.
Special features
Before treating or detecting specific arthrosis symptoms of the knee joint, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this disease.
The common surfaces of the human bones are covered with cartilage.In some joints and in the knees, the menisci are the layers of the cartilage that act as shock absorbers.Interior lubricant is a synovial fluid that is generated in our body.
If the knee joint is affected, the development of a tense lubrication changes.The cartilage partially or completely abrasion.The body tries to finish with this injury and reduce pain.When the disease progresses, the joint is deformed, the bones begin to expand due to osteophytes.This condition only occurs in advanced cases.The surface of the bones is uneven and does not fit each other.The result is limited mobility.
Symptoms
The first symptom with osteoarthritis of the knee joint is the pain that can occur after longer physical activity or constant stress.Its nature is diverse, often the pain in the evening or at night and prevents a person from falling asleep, which leads to a violation of normal life.At this point you should visit a doctor.
There are three arthrosis arthrotrosis of the knee joint, each of which has its own properties.The pain is not easy in the first stage, and many people go by themselves.There are also complaints and insignificant recurrent edema.This requires certain treatment: laser therapy and other physiotherapeutic methods.
In the second stage, the symptoms are complicated, a deterioration in mobility is intensified into all above and pain.Slight bleeding can also occur.
In this case, a doctor can help laser therapy and prescription medication.If this is not the case, the pain is constantly reinforced and the third degree of the disease comes.In the third stage, the integrity of the cartilage is radically injured until destruction.Painful feelings are constant, one person cannot normally go for a walk.Climbing the stairs is a real problem, the joints threshold.During the movement, various pathologies are observed that tremble the limbs.
In addition, redness of the skin appears on the knee with osteoarthritis, and by touching you will find an inflammatory process.This is done due to internal bleeding caused by the breaking of blood vessels or veins.If this cosmetic defect is very striking, remove it with a laser.
In the last phases, a person becomes unstable due to muscle weakness and other defects.Going is only possible with a stick and only in short distances.This ends with a deformation of the knee, which even the laser cannot repair.The person becomes motionless.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of the arthrosis of the knee joint can include:
- Analysis of clinical symptoms.
- General and biochemical blood tests.
- X -Ray.
- Computer tomography, magnetic resonance.
- Sonography (ultrasound of the joint).
- Arthroscopy, biopsy and biochemical examinations of synovial fluid.
Treatment
Many people are confused about the treatment of this disease.The drugs of the drugs are very large, its uncontrolled use is impossible.
If you abuse medication against arthritis, you can buy a stomach ulcer.You can also make the osteoarthritis of the knee joint.
The doctor initially prescribes non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs that also alleviate pain together with inflammation.But the treatment does not end there.Extensive physical exercises, physiotherapy.Special therapeutic gymnastics is selected by a doctor who offers the maximum therapeutic effect.
Drugs with drugs
The main treatment lies in non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.Other means are used to improve the power of the cartilage and contribute to their gradual restoration.The tests based on glucosamine and chondroitin are tested in this regard.To speed up the treatment, you can use special creams and ointments that have a local effect.
It is worth noting that painful and antipyretic medication without a doctor is very dangerous.Such treatment can negatively influence the condition of the stomach, liver and heart.Medicines with minimal negative effects have recently been produced, some manufacturers according to, such medication can be used for several months.
Gymnastics and physiotherapy
Other treatment methods can improve blood flow and thus the nutrition of the cartilage.In order to strengthen the ligaments and muscles, special exercises are prescribed.However, the effect of gymnastics will only be in the early phases if the joint has changed a little.Exercises are selected exclusively individually depending on the severity of the disease and the physical abilities of the patient.
Such exercises are supplemented in large quantities by physiotherapeutic methods.Magnetotherapy and laser therapy, UHF, electrophor, ultrasound are used and much more.
Injections
In the last phase in which physiotherapy and lasers do not help to relieve pain, you can use the injection in the joint cavity.Preparations based in hyaluronic acid increase the regenerative properties of cartilage.Such treatment often often leads to full uselessness of the cartilage.
Endoprosthetics
The endoprosthetics of the knee joint is an extreme measure that is carried out if you cannot sleep normally and move.
prevention
Arthrosis occurs most often in old age, so that their prevention, especially after 30 years, must be younger.For this they need:
- Do not overload the knee joint and provide rational stress on the feet.
- Do not wear weights.
- Eat properly.
- Lead an active lifestyle.
- Over time, harden all inflammatory and infectious diseases in the body.
- Check the weight of the body, since due to the excess weight on the knee joint is a very heavy load.
- Do not cool overcool joints.
- Avoid the knee injuries.
- When you do sports, pull out special knee pads.
- Make a constant cargo on your knees yourself regularly.
